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10.0
CRITICAL CVSS 3.1
CVE-2025-52691
Upload Arbitrary Files
Description

Successful exploitation of the vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated attacker to upload arbitrary files to any location on the mail server, potentially enabling remote code execution.

INFO

Published Date :

Dec. 29, 2025, 3:15 a.m.

Last Modified :

Jan. 22, 2026, 6:16 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !

Source :

5f57b9bf-260d-4433-bf07-b6a79e9bb7d4
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2025-52691 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Smartertools smartermail
: Total Affected Vendor : 1 | Products : 1
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 CRITICAL 5f57b9bf-260d-4433-bf07-b6a79e9bb7d4
Solution
Address improper access controls to prevent unauthorized file uploads and potential remote code execution.
  • Enforce strict authentication for file upload functionality.
  • Validate file types and sizes before upload.
  • Restrict upload locations to designated directories.
  • Apply vendor patches or updates for the mail server.
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github

CVE-2025-52691 has a 12 public PoC/Exploit available at Github. Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.

References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2025-52691.

URL Resource
https://www.csa.gov.sg/alerts-and-advisories/alerts/al-2025-124/ Third Party Advisory
https://github.com/watchtowrlabs/watchTowr-vs-SmarterMail-CVE-2025-52691?ref=labs.watchtowr.com
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-52691 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-52691 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Profile Photo
watchtowrlabs/watchTowr-vs-SmarterMail-CVE-2025-52691

None

Python

Updated: 1 week, 2 days ago
11 stars 1 fork 1 watcher
Born at : Jan. 8, 2026, 11:42 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
nxgn-kd01/smartermail-cve-scanner

CVE-2025-52691 Scanner - Detects vulnerable SmarterMail installations (CVSS 10.0 RCE)

JavaScript Shell

Updated: 2 weeks, 3 days ago
1 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Jan. 5, 2026, 1:46 p.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
rxerium/rxerium-templates

Nuclei scripts created by @rxerium for zero days / actively exploited vulnerabilities.

kev nuclei zero-day vkev

Updated: 2 weeks ago
32 stars 5 fork 5 watcher
Born at : Jan. 2, 2026, 5:37 p.m. This repo has been linked 3 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
hilwa24/CVE-2025-52691

CVE‑2025‑52691 - SmarterMail Arbitrary File Upload Vulnerability

cve-2025-52691

Python

Updated: 3 weeks, 2 days ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Dec. 31, 2025, 7:01 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
sajjadsiam/CVE-2025-52691-poc

None

Python

Updated: 2 weeks, 3 days ago
2 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Dec. 30, 2025, 6:37 p.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
DeathShotXD/CVE-2025-52691-APT-PoC

An enhanced proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2025-52691 (SmarterMail Arbitrary File Upload RCE) with APT-level features like stealth obfuscation, persistence, exfiltration, and interactive mode. For educational and authorized testing only. Credits to the original PoC by yt2w/CVE-2025-52691.

Python

Updated: 2 weeks, 4 days ago
4 stars 1 fork 1 watcher
Born at : Dec. 30, 2025, 6:21 p.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
you-ssef9/CVE-2025-52691

This repository contains a safe Proof of Concept (PoC) to detect vulnerable SmarterMail versions affected by CVE‑2025‑52691. The script performs version detection only and does not exploit the vulnerability.

Python

Updated: 3 weeks, 3 days ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Dec. 30, 2025, 2:58 p.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
Ashwesker/Ashwesker-CVE-2025-52691

CVE-2025-52691

Updated: 3 weeks, 3 days ago
0 stars 1 fork 1 watcher
Born at : Dec. 30, 2025, 10:24 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
rxerium/CVE-2025-52691

Detection for CVE-2025-52691

critical nuclei smartermail vulnerability

Updated: 2 weeks, 4 days ago
15 stars 4 fork 4 watcher
Born at : Dec. 30, 2025, 6:13 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
yt2w/CVE-2025-52691

None

Python

Updated: 3 weeks, 2 days ago
3 stars 1 fork 1 watcher
Born at : Dec. 29, 2025, 4:23 p.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
rxerium/stars

A list of all of my starred repos, automated using Github Actions 🌟

github-actions stars

Updated: 3 weeks, 1 day ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Jan. 4, 2023, 11:20 a.m. This repo has been linked 39 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
nomi-sec/PoC-in-GitHub

📡 PoC auto collect from GitHub. ⚠️ Be careful Malware.

security cve exploit poc vulnerability

Updated: 1 week, 6 days ago
7462 stars 1233 fork 1233 watcher
Born at : Dec. 8, 2019, 1:03 p.m. This repo has been linked 826 different CVEs too.

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2025-52691 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

  • BleepingComputer
SmarterMail auth bypass flaw now exploited to hijack admin accounts

Hackers began exploiting an authentication bypass vulnerability in SmarterTools' SmarterMail email server and collaboration tool that allows resetting admin passwords. An authentication bypass vulnera ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 22, 2026 (21 hours, 14 minutes ago)
  • Daily CyberSecurity
“Enjoy Your Admin Access”: Critical SmarterMail RCE Exploited in the Wild

Just weeks after a major vulnerability rocked the SmarterMail ecosystem, security researchers have uncovered a new, critical flaw that is already being weaponized in the wild. watchTowr Labs researche ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 22, 2026 (1 day, 5 hours ago)
  • The Hacker News
SmarterMail Auth Bypass Exploited in the Wild Two Days After Patch Release

A new security flaw in SmarterTools SmarterMail email software has come under active exploitation in the wild, two days after the release of a patch. The vulnerability, which currently does not have a ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 22, 2026 (1 day, 6 hours ago)
  • Daily CyberSecurity
Industrial Alert: Critical RCE in AVEVA Software Rated CVSS 10

AVEVA, a global leader in industrial software, has issued a critical security bulletin regarding its flagship Process Optimization software (formerly known as ROMeo). The alert details multiple vulner ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 20, 2026 (3 days, 15 hours ago)
  • Daily CyberSecurity
CVE-2026-0695: High-Severity XSS Flaw Patched in ConnectWise PSA 2026.1

ConnectWise has released a crucial security update for its Professional Services Automation (PSA) platform, addressing two significant vulnerabilities that could allow attackers to weaponize mundane a ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 19, 2026 (4 days, 15 hours ago)
  • security.nl
Zevenduizend SmarterMail-servers missen update voor zeer kritiek lek

Ruim zevenduizend SmarterMail-servers, waarvan zo'n veertig in Nederland, missen een beveiligingsupdate voor een zeer kritieke kwetsbaarheid waardoor een ongeauthenticeerde aanvaller de server op afst ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 14, 2026 (1 week, 2 days ago)
  • CybersecurityNews
8000+ SmarterMail Hosts Vulnerable to RCE Attack – PoC Exploit Released

Over 8,000 internet-exposed SmarterMail servers remain vulnerable to a critical remote code execution flaw tracked as CVE-2025-52691, according to scans conducted on January 12, 2026. Security researc ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 13, 2026 (1 week, 2 days ago)
  • security.nl
SmarterTools beschuldigd van het stilletjes patchen van zeer kritiek lek

Softwarebedrijf SmarterTools heeft een kritieke kwetsbaarheid in SmarterMail, waardoor een ongeauthenticeerde aanvaller willekeurige code op de mailserver kan uitvoeren, stilletjes gepatcht, zo beweer ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 09, 2026 (2 weeks ago)
  • CybersecurityNews
SmarterTools SmarterMail Vulnerability Enables Remote Code Execution Attack – PoC Released

A critical pre-authentication remote code execution vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-52691, has been discovered in SmarterTools’ SmarterMail solution. The flaw received a maximum CVSS score of 10 ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 09, 2026 (2 weeks ago)
  • The Cyber Express
Critical n8n Vulnerability Allows Arbitrary Command Execution (CVE-2025-68668)

A newly disclosed n8n vulnerability has been confirmed to allow authenticated users to execute arbitrary system commands on affected servers. The issue, tracked as CVE-2025-68668, has been assigned a ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 06, 2026 (2 weeks, 3 days ago)
  • Daily CyberSecurity
Aiohttp Patches Seven Vulnerabilities Including High-Severity DoS Risks

Maintainers of aiohttp, the popular asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for Python, have released a sweeping security update addressing seven distinct vulnerabilities. The update, version 3.13.3 ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 06, 2026 (2 weeks, 3 days ago)
  • The Cyber Express
Critical IBM API Connect Vulnerability Enables Authentication Bypass

IBM has released security updates to address a critical IBM API Connect vulnerability that could allow remote attackers to bypass authentication controls and gain unauthorized access to affected appli ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 05, 2026 (2 weeks, 4 days ago)
  • Daily CyberSecurity
CVE-2025-66848: Critical Flaw in JD Cloud Routers Grants Hackers Root Access

A security vulnerability has been uncovered in a popular line of NAS routers from JD Cloud, potentially leaving thousands of home and business networks wide open to attack. The flaw, which affects mul ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 05, 2026 (2 weeks, 4 days ago)
  • The Cyber Express
A Week That Set the Tone for 2026: Cyber Laws, Breaches, and Disinformation

This week, The Cyber Express takes a closer look at the events shaping the global cybersecurity landscape as we transition from 2025 to 2026. Throughout this week, we covered new cybersecurity laws, i ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 02, 2026 (3 weeks ago)
  • TheCyberThrone
CVE-2025-52691: Critical Unauthenticated RCE in SmarterMail

January 1, 2026SmarterMail servers running builds prior to 9413 expose organizations to unauthenticated arbitrary file upload leading to remote code execution. Attackers can drop web shells anywhere o ... Read more

Published Date: Jan 01, 2026 (3 weeks, 1 day ago)
  • The Cyber Express
Singapore CSA Warns of Critical SmarterMail Flaw Enabling Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore (CSA) has issued a high-priority alert warning organizations and system administrators about a critical security vulnerability affecting SmarterMail, an enterpri ... Read more

Published Date: Dec 31, 2025 (3 weeks, 2 days ago)
  • The Hacker News
CSA Issues Alert on Critical SmarterMail Bug Allowing Remote Code Execution

Dec 30, 2025Ravie LakshmananVulnerability / Email Security The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore (CSA) has issued a bulletin warning of a maximum-severity security flaw in SmarterTools SmarterMail ... Read more

Published Date: Dec 30, 2025 (3 weeks, 2 days ago)
  • CybersecurityNews
Critical Vulnerability in SmarterMail Let Attackers Execute Remote Code

SmarterTools has issued an urgent security advisory addressing a critical vulnerability in SmarterMail that could allow attackers to execute remote code on mail servers. The flaw, tracked as CVE-2025- ... Read more

Published Date: Dec 30, 2025 (3 weeks, 3 days ago)
  • Daily CyberSecurity
CISA Alert: MongoBleed Added to KEV Catalog as 80,000+ Servers Face Active Exploitation

The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has officially sounded the alarm on a critical vulnerability in MongoDB, adding the flaw to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalo ... Read more

Published Date: Dec 30, 2025 (3 weeks, 3 days ago)
  • Daily CyberSecurity
CVE-2025-52691 (CVSS 10): Critical SmarterMail Flaw Opens Servers to Unauthenticated Attacks

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore (CSA) has issued an urgent alert regarding a catastrophic vulnerability in SmarterMail, a popular enterprise alternative to Microsoft Exchange. The security flaw ... Read more

Published Date: Dec 30, 2025 (3 weeks, 3 days ago)

Results are limited to the first 20 news articles due to potential performance issues.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2025-52691 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Jan. 22, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Removed Reference https://labs.watchtowr.com/attackers-with-decompilers-strike-again-smartertools-smartermail-wt-2026-0001-auth-bypass/
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Jan. 22, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://labs.watchtowr.com/attackers-with-decompilers-strike-again-smartertools-smartermail-wt-2026-0001-auth-bypass/
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Jan. 08, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://github.com/watchtowrlabs/watchTowr-vs-SmarterMail-CVE-2025-52691?ref=labs.watchtowr.com
  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Jan. 02, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:smartertools:smartermail:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 100.0.9413
    Added Reference Type CSA: https://www.csa.gov.sg/alerts-and-advisories/alerts/al-2025-124/ Types: Third Party Advisory
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Dec. 29, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CWE CWE-434
  • New CVE Received by 5f57b9bf-260d-4433-bf07-b6a79e9bb7d4

    Dec. 29, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description Successful exploitation of the vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated attacker to upload arbitrary files to any location on the mail server, potentially enabling remote code execution.
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Added Reference https://www.csa.gov.sg/alerts-and-advisories/alerts/al-2025-124/
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
Vulnerability Scoring Details
Base CVSS Score: 10
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality Impact
Integrity Impact
Availability Impact